The US-Saudi 123 nuclear cooperation agreement signed in July 2026 advanced to congressional review in late August, triggering a 90-day period under the Atomic Energy Act during which lawmakers could block implementation. Trader consensus favoring non-entry into force in 2026 centers on President Trump's explicit condition that the pact proceed only if Riyadh joins the Abraham Accords and normalizes ties with Israel. Saudi officials have repeatedly linked such normalization to a credible path toward Palestinian statehood, a diplomatic threshold that shows no near-term progress. While the deal includes provisions for potential uranium enrichment after a bilateral study and prioritizes US reactor technology, these elements remain secondary to the unresolved linkage. Absent a breakthrough on the Accords or congressional action to sever the condition, the agreement faces structural barriers to activation before year-end.